前門廊是最常見的架構特征之一。這是一個最喜歡的人，至少在城市中觀看。以下是任何房主應記住的門廊零件，無論您是建造還是恢複現有的。
我們正在談論從門廊裝飾到門廊的一切以及那裏的一切。每個方麵都用作門廊的結構元素或反映您的個性的時尚組件，並添加遏製呼吸。
可以通過選擇合適的材料來建立時尚和功能的前門廊。合法性通常由代表建築設計的木製品確保。
Porch railings, balusters, porch columns, trims, porch stairs, and porch lights are all things that can be seen on a porch. Let’s take a look at it.
Here is a great diagram that we put together to illustrate the main parts of a typical porch.
有關的：
在本文中
門廊屋頂
門廊的天氣保護由頂座冠層提供。它通常由單個傾斜的屋頂平麵構造成棚屋。
The Fascia
A flat trim board that extends along the porch roof’s front side, just under the shingles’ edge. It hides the ends of the roof rafters and gives the porch a tidy, finishing touch.
The Balustrade
BALUSTERS，RAILS和NEWEL POST構成整個欄杆結構。
Frieze Beam.
該結構方麵通過支撐它有助於將門廊屋頂的負荷移動到柱子或柱子。一段平麵飾邊，普遍稱為楣板，傳統上用於隱藏梁的周長。
首都
柱子或柱的最頂部裝飾部分。（它的名字來自拉丁語單位，這意味著“頭”）
的Column or Post
門廊屋頂被這些垂直元件保持在以便支撐。所需的加強件通常由實木木材或鋼的內芯提供。
扶手
欄杆的最頂層水平部分。通常是圓形或倒角，以便更容易舉行。
欄杆
Vertical spindles stretch the space between a balustrade’s handrail and bottom rail. Balusters must be separated no more than 4 inches on center, according to most building regulations (measuring from the center of one baluster to the center of the next).
德國郵政
This broad pillar, which is positioned on or near the bottom level, supports the balustrade and gives the staircase visual weight and importance.
基礎
The porch’s load is supported directly on the ground by the footings. Footings must be a minimum distance below grade to stretch above the frost line to be large enough to distribute the weight, depending on your precise geographical area. The dead load refers to the weight of your building, as well as people, furniture, and snow (known as the live load).
椽子
椽子是結構元素，其平行於光束和其頂部。他們在傾斜的斜麵伸展了建築物的臉。沿著門廊的長度，椽子間距為16“或24”分開。屋頂的俯仰（斜坡）被描述為“屋頂的垂直腳的數量升高為每12英尺的水平測量”。結果，具有4/12間距的屋頂可以延長4“每12”爬升4“。它延伸。如果椽子采用4/12間距構建，並且門廊從房屋前部深度向梁深，則椽子將穿過大孔梁上方的建築物32“的麵部。
底部導軌
它可以保護欄杆並在欄杆底部水平地連接柱子。
The Step Riser
連接台階踏板並關閉每個步驟下方的間隙的垂直板。
踩踏踏板
Each move has a smooth, horizontal walking floor. Treads are usually 10 to 14 inches thick with a blunt front edge known as the nosing.
桁條
The inclined, sawtooth boards that protect the staircase are known as stringers. They’re typically made out of 2512s and spaced 16 inches apart. The clear stringers on either side of the staircase are usually hidden behind a trim board.
The Porch Skirting
Porch skirting is often used on front porches and decks to conceal the transparent floor joists and columns beneath the buildings. Vinyl panels are also ideal for mobile home skirting.
乙烯基門廊欄杆
Vinyl porch railings, also known as lattice deck railings, are a great choice for those looking for a low-maintenance, long-lasting alternative with a distinctive style. Vinyl railings can be trimmed to virtually any design as long as they follow the requirements of your local building standards.
The Ceiling Joists
Ceiling Joists are structural elements that are installed on top of the Beams, which are next to each Rafter. If the ceiling is to be mounted to the bottom of the rafters, ceiling joists should be skipped. Furthermore, some rustic architectural designs exclude the ceiling entirely, leaving the rafters exposed. When the roofing is metal or wood shingles, this may look good. Many new residential development roofs, on the other hand, are sheathed in plywood and coated in composition shingles, so leaving the rafters uncovered often reveals the plywood.
The Ledgers (Ribbon Boards)
Ledgers are horizontally fastened boards that carry the ends of either the rafters or the ceiling joists. Steel Joist Hangers are recommended as a means of fastening Joists and Rafters to the Ledgers because of their ease of construction and durability.
The Porch Ceiling
Within a building, the standard ceiling height is 8 feet. Your porch should have at least 8 feet of ceiling height to appear spacious, but porches with much higher ceilings are very conventional.
然而，對於給定的傾斜屋頂，較深的門廊，前簷的較低。屋頂坡必須足以用於將使用的屋頂。
門廊板坯基礎
混凝土前門廊支撐件通常在諸如礫石或石材的基礎材料上澆注水平。Porch Slab基礎不必處於地麵。混凝土板可以放置在任何級別，並以各種飾麵。
Concrete blocks are commonly used to construct the structure of a porch that is a few feet off the ground. It is then filled to within 4 inches of the surface with stone. On top of it, concrete is then poured.
結論
在支撐點之間，可以安裝屏幕以允許空氣通道在保持昆蟲的同時。門廊內飾可以配備有電源插座和配件，如燈具和風扇。通過使用屋頂和後壁的舌頭和凹槽雪鬆，可以以各種形式完成門廊。軌道可用於代替膝蓋牆壁，可操作的窗戶甚至是天窗。您唯一的限製是您的創造力和預算。
Further Reading:
